Dommermuth (2020) shows that Langmuir circulations form under the action of an inverse energy cascade. The Ocean’s Heartbeat (OH) is an inverse energy cascade that occurs through interactions between surface gravity waves and organized vortical structures in the atmosphere and the ocean. Windrows are visible manifestations of the inverse energy cascade. The vortical portion of the flow and spilling breaking waves work in combination to generate windrows. Breaking waves generate meandering currents and winds in the oceanic and atmospheric boundary layers. This report provides an annotated bibliography of research on the Ocean’s Heartbeat.
Hydrodynamicist